Caproni Aircraft - Even as aircraft manufacturers experimented with all imaginable shapes and sizes, the prototype designed by Italian engineer Luigi Stipa and built by the Caroni company in 1932 stood out. Instead of a conventional fuselage, the aircraft, called the Caproni Stipa, had short, wide, hollow tubes through which the propellers were driven. Today, some consider Stipa to be the worst airplane ever. Some see it as a creepy, man-made type of bomb. Others, however, see this mysterious Italian contraption as a match for the turbofan engines used in today's commercial and military aircraft.
Born in 1900, Luigi Stipa interrupted his education to serve in the Italian Bersaglieri Corps during World War I, and later studied civil, hydraulic and aeronautical engineering. While serving in the Air Force, Stipa became the inspector general of the Air Force's engineering division.
Caproni Aircraft
Stipa began to develop new theories about how to make airplanes more efficient. Being a hydraulic engineer, he knew that the velocity of water increases as the diameter of the passage decreases. The relationship between velocity and pipe diameter, known as Bernoulli's principle, was a well-understood axiom of fluid dynamics in the 1920s. Using Bernoulli's principle of airflow, Stipa believed he could direct the efficiency of an aircraft engine by flushing it through a venturi tube. Stipa called his idea the "intubated propeller." After many years of numerical and model tests in the wind tunnel, Stypa arrived at the ideal propellor and tube with the ideal propeller rotation and the proximity between the tube and the leading edge of the tube. Thus, the inner shape of the tube turned out to be similar to the shape of the air.
How Italian Caproni And S.v.a. First World War Aircraft Performed The First Real Military Airlift In The History Of Aviation
(Aeronautical Review), along with his design of a small-engine test aircraft. He then asked the Air Ministry to build a prototype. Despite the grandiose nature of the Stipa system, the Nazi government at the time actively supported the development of technology, particularly in aviation, to demonstrate Italy's success. In 1932, the Air Ministry authorized the Caproni Aviation Corporation to build a model.
Hanni Caproni di Talido designed and built the first Italian airplane in 1910. Never afraid to push the envelope of aviation development, starting in 1914, it built the first single-seat, tractor-engined airplane armed with a forward-looking gun. machine gun When Italy entered World War I in May 1915, Caproni turned his attention to developing a successful line of large aircraft.
After the war, Caproni continued to produce large aircraft, starting with the Ca.60, an eight-engine, nine-wing aircraft, and a variety of other designs. It is clear that no Italian was better than Caproni when he built Luigi Stipa's radical new prototype.
When the Caproni Stipe first flew on October 7, 1932, Caproni's test pilot, Domenico Antonini, must have had an amazing experience. The fuselage consisted of a short, fat tube. Two tandem cockpits are behind it. Its power plant, a 120-horsepower Type III de Havilland, is mounted on a nacelle suspended in the center of the tube, located at the end of the tube. Since the propeller tube was the same diameter as the fuselage, the aircraft crashed into the landing gear. Elliptical wings are placed in the center of the fuselage, the main jets pass through the tube and engine nacelle. A small rudder and elevators are attached to the end of the tube directly on the propeller shaft. In addition to the appearance of the aircraft, it is a blue and noise color similar to that used on racing aircraft of the day.
Caproni Vizzola F.6m
The mostly wooden Caproni Stipe was a simple airplane that was sometimes compared to Gee Bee racers. It has a wingspan of 46 feet 10 inches, a height of 9 feet 10 inches, but a length of 19 feet 3 inches. It had a takeoff weight of 1,764 pounds, and a top speed of 81 mph.
Flight tests confirmed that the intubated propeller increased engine performance. In addition, it was found that the air quality inside the tube was improved. As a result, the Stypa showed a better climb speed than a conventional aircraft with the same power and wing loading, as well as a slower descent speed of 42 mph. It also proved to be quieter than conventional aircraft of the same force.
Stipa believed that placing control points within the slide would aid control, and his creations seem to have a soft touch. But evidence suggests that rudders and elevators had to be added, suggesting that the designer was serious about size.
The main disadvantage of Stypa's intubated propeller is that it creates more aerodynamic drag. In fact, it was found that in a single-engine aircraft of similar size, drag would negate almost all service benefits. But it must be remembered that Caproni Stipa was never meant to be anything more than a test bed. Luigi Stipa apparently intended to use his intubated propeller design for large, multi-winged flying machines rather than small, single-engine aircraft. He made several designs, some with six engines, that were never built.
Caproni Ca 133 1/48 Scale
After initial tests, the prototype was delivered to the Italian Air Force, which carried out its own testing program. Although the results generated considerable academic interest, no progress was made.
The Air Ministry's rejection of Stipa's teachings did not stop the Italians from declaring it propaganda. Stipa patented his propeller design in Germany and the United States, and his work was published in those two countries, as well as in France and Britain. In the US, the Stipa project was studied by NACA (predecessor to NASA).
The French were interested enough to launch a propeller-driven night bomber based on Stipa's 203 design. Manufactured by ANFMureaux, the Pro, BN.4 night bomber will carry a crew of four and is equipped with an adjustable landing gear and two gears. electrically operated gun turrets. The aircraft was to have a wingspan of 59 feet, a top speed of 233 mph, 1,224 mph and a ceiling of 33,136 feet. In 1936, the restructuring and reorganization of the French aviation industry killed the project before it could be built.
Stipa later claimed that the Germans had stolen his copyright when they developed the V-1 flying bomb, but the pulsejet engine had little to do with its intubated propeller. The mysterious Heinkel "T" fighter design of the 1940s, however, closely resembles other Stipe designs. Although little is known about the Heinkel T beyond a few pictures, it is said to have been designed for an engine designed by Viktor Schauberger, an Austrian crackpot inventor who is credited as the inventor of the flying saucer. In 1934, German engineer Ludwig Kurt proposed a design for a printed fan that used principles developed by Stiepa. Known as the "worm's mouth", this fan system is still in use today.
Stormo! Broplan 1/72 Caproni Ca.133 (passeggeri) By Vincent Fiore
Although the Italians did not attempt to develop Stipa's intubated propeller, one first flew in 1940. Caproni-Campini used the N.1 standard radial engine and installed a variable-slot fan compressor hidden in the fuselage. Some fuel was then added to the compressed air and burned in a hot chamber in the tail. The N.1 was never fully operational, but it gave the Italians bragging rights for flying the first manned aircraft.
Luigi Stipa died in 1992 angry at not being recognized as the true inventor of the jet engine. The Caproni Stipa story would have been long over in Australia without the efforts of Lynette Zuccoli and Aerotech Queensland. Built a 3/5 scale replica of the original Caproni Stipa that flew twice. The Australian Stipe has since been retired as a static display. Giovanni (Gianni) Caproni founded his first aircraft company in 1908. From the beginning, Caproni and his company depended on the production of large aircraft, mostly bombers. By 1929, Caproni and engineer Dino Giuliani had designed the world's largest biplane, the Caproni Ca.90.
The Caproni Ca.90 was a large aircraft. Airplane tires are longer than standing people. Note the tracking servo tab behind the aileron to balance the flight control. Note the front engine radiators behind the propeller.
The Ca.90 was designed as a heavy bomb and was often referred to as the Ca.90 PB or 90 PB. "PB" stood for him
Aircraft Photo Of 231
(Heavy bomber). The aircraft was a large rear wheel powered by three pairs of tandem engines. Built ca.90
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